Nation listing entry describes boko haram as an affiliate of alqaeda and also one of the organisations of alqaeda in the islamic maghreb aqim reuters, 2014. The official name of the boko haram group is actually jamaatu ahlis sunna liddaawati waljihad, which in arabic means people of the sunnah the. For a good overview, including most recent incidents, see the wikipedia entry on boko haram. Human rights are among the essentials of democracy and good governance. However, scholars disagree on the fundamental definition of social movements.
And for reasons of brevity this is the medias preferred name. Boko haram is a regional insurgent group composed largely of ethnic kanuri members with predominantly local aims. Meaning of boko haram is subtler than media portrayal 6. An assessment of strengths, vulnerabilities, and policy options 1 introduction the islamist group jamaatu ahl as.
Today, the conflict between the government and boko haram has escalated to extreme proportions. The conflict takes place within the context of longstanding issues of religious violence between nigerias muslim and christian communities, and the insurgents ultimate aim is. Yet it is perhaps more adequate to explain the term not in its literal linguistic sense but in its more technical sense as meaning. The rise of boko haram in nigeria combating terrorism. It is responsible not only for a regional food crisis that has devolved into famine in some areas, but also the displacement of millions and the deaths of tens of thousands of people. Relations with the islamic world analysis paper no. Boko haram is one of several organizations which have called for true islam as a means of ending the poverty and corruption, which some in the north see as a result of a political system corrupted by greed and corruption this is more the boko of which the popular nickname of the group. But the hausaspeaking residents in the northeastern city of maiduguri, where the group had its headquarters, dubbed it boko haram. May, 2014 but the hausaspeaking residents in the northeastern city of maiduguri, where the group had its headquarters, dubbed it boko haram. Boko haram beyond the headlines combating terrorism center. Boko haram also has operated in areas of cameroon, chad, and niger bordering ne nigeria, with significant fighting between the cameroonian military and group beginning in the second half of 2014. Boko haram took advantage of a distracted military and attacked the unprotected town of gamboru ngala, reportedly killing up to 300 civilians.
In conclusion, one can see how the threat and worst boko haram is on nigerian national development. It has been a growing force in nigeria for over a decade and has deep roots in the countrys social development going back even further. Boko haram s insurgency in nigeria has killed tens of thousands of people and displaced millions in nigeria and its neighboring countries gaffey 2016b. Boko haram is an islamist extremist group responsible for dozens of massacres of civilians and the abduction of more than 500 women and girls in its fiveyear insurgency in nigeria. Edna obrien balances tact and audacity in this novel set amid the atrocities of boko haram published. The boko haram insurgency the violent rise and resilience of the jihadist group boko haram in the lake chad basin since 2009 poses enormous security, humanitarian and governance challenges. Feb 25, 2014 its widely known as boko haram, which colloquially translates into western education is sin, for its rejection of western concepts such as evolution and the big bang theories.
Pdf boko haram and human rights violation in nigeria. Boko haram simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The faction of boko haram most directly connected to yusuf is jamaatu. Abstract the recent upheaval in nigerian polity has thrown many citizens into fear of insecurity and even the continuous existence of the country as one single entity is in doubt. Boko haram mounted its first attack in 2004, and since then the group has been responsible for thousands of deaths. Feb 08, 2019 with no jobs and few prospects, young men are easy prey for extremist groups such as boko haram, one of the deadliest terrorist groups on the planet, which espouses violence and its own twisted. Boko haram article about boko haram by the free dictionary. Nigerias militant islamist group boko haram is fighting to overthrow the government and create an islamic state. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. May 09, 2014 boko haram is a militant islamist group based in the northeast of nigeria, north cameroon and niger. The insurgency in nigeria began as a dissident religious sects. Boko haram is a radical islamist movement shaped by its nigerian context and reflecting nigerias history of poor governance and extreme poverty in the north. Jamaatu ahlis sunna liddaawati waljihad, better known as boko haram, is the most violent phenomenon of the nigerian fourth republic.
The activities of these misguided groups and individuals have resulted in wanton destruction of 1 how we will stop boko haram, by muhammadu buhari, vanguard, april 15, 2015. The group has caused havoc in africas most populous country through a campaign of. Start has compiled the following background information on the history and networking relationships of boko haram, and updated data from a previous background report on the group. Boko haram refers to a group of islamist militant factions in northern nigeria that trace their ideological origins to the slain imam mohammed yusuf 1970 2009. Boko haram, jideofor adibe, contributes the first article in the collection.
The impact of the boko haram insurgency in northeast. Boko haram formed in 2002 when mohammed yusuf, a wellknown preacher and proselytizer of the izala sect of islam in the maiduguri region of nigeria, began to radicalize his discourse to reject all secular aspects of nigerian society. Boko haram bh is a nigerian extremist group which emerged only in the last decade, but has rapidly established a reputation for violence. Pdf the socioeconomic implications of the boko ayuba. Boko haram has used niger, chad, and cameroon to hide, train, plan, recruit, and transit, historically focusing attacks on nigeria to avoid crackdowns in countries where it. The emergence of boko haram is a symptom of the maturation of historical extremist and rejectionist impulses in the northeast and the failure of both governmental and customary conflict mitigation institutions. Causes of conflict in nigeria and ways of resolving them legit. Boko haram founder muhammad yusuf differed from mainstream nigerian islamists by prohibiting westernstyle education and service in nigerias secular government. This study aimed to estimate the effect of the boko haram insurgency in northeast nigeria on childhood wasting. President muhammadu buharis position on the international intervention is not. The islamic state in west africa or the islamic states west africa province, formerly known as jamaat ahl assunnah liddawah waljihad and commonly known as boko haram is a jihadist terrorist organization based in northeastern nigeria, also active in chad, niger and northern cameroon. It is possible the name you are searching has less than five occurrences per year.
Boko haram, a movement claiming to act in the name of is lam, has killed tens of thousands of people in nigeria and the neighboring countries of niger, chad, and cameroon. Boko haram doesnt really mean western education is a. Boko haram doesnt really mean western education is a sin. Many citizens as well as non citizens are already victims of the. The name boko haram is usually translated as western education is forbidden. Boko haram and the african unions response236 had boko haram been nipped in the bud, we would not have been experiencing their contagious effect today and worse still, the loss of human lives. Pdf boko haram insurgency in nigeria as a symptom of. Boko haram and the evolving salafi jihadist threat in nigeria pdf. It wants to wage a war against them, and the federal republic of nigeria generally, to create a pure islamic state ruled by sharia law. It is also known as wilayat garb ifrqiya, meaning west african province, since march 2015 after becoming part of the islamic state. Boko haram, a group of disenchanted muslim youths in northern nigeria, declared war on the. Behind the headlines prepared may 22, 2014 contents.
Founded in 2001 by mohammed yusuf, boko haram, whose name means western education is forbidden in the local hausa language, began. Jihad, commonly referred to as boko haram,1 has emerged as a violent challenger to the authority of the nigerian state. Boko haram and the kidnapping of the chibok schoolgirls. Boko haram opposes not only western education, but western culture and modern science as well. Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign.
Explaining boko haram, nigerias islamist insurgency the. Boko haram is notorious for planting bombs in markets, mosques, and schools. While it borrows tactics from transnational terrorist organizations and receives small amounts of training and. The first terrorist act was sparked after the death of boko haram leader mohammed yusuf. Nigerias battle with boko haram council on foreign relations. On april 14, 2014, boko haram militants kidnapped more than 250 schoolgirls from chibok in nigerias northeastern borno state. The third section provides explanation on the conceptual meaning of boko. Its popular name connotes western education is forbidden as a result of the perception that the group stood against any form of nonislamic education. Boko haram is an islamic sect that believes politics in northern nigeria has been seized by a group of corrupt, false muslims.
Suspected members of the hardline islamist group boko haram attacked a school in damaturu, nigeria, early tuesday morning, burning or shooting. The islamic state in west africa or the islamic states west africa province formerly known as. The united states designated boko haram a foreign terrorist organization in late 20, but at times washington has withheld military assistance pdf out of concern over nigerias. Therefore, this study aims to examine the threat of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security system. People committed to the prophets teachings for propagation and jihad, from 2015 also called islamic state in west africa iswa or islamic states west african province iswap, islamic sectarian movement. Social security administration public data, the first name boko was not present. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national. May 06, 2014 in this image made from video received by the associated press on monday, may 5, 2014, abubakar shekau, the leader of nigerias islamic extremist group boko haram, speaks in a video in which his. Boko haram is an islamic sect like maitatsine sect of 1980 believes that northern politics has been seized by a group of corrupt, false muslims. Pdf current international media reports on nigeria indicate that it is having some. Download the new independent premium app sharing the full story, not just the headlines. Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples log in dictionary. Fatima is one of the small number of success stories in the stillnascent efforts to help the girls and young women who were abducted by boko haram. Secondly, freedom onuoha explores boko haram attacks on the telecommunication infrastructure in nigeria.
President muhammadu buharis position on the international intervention is not different from his predecessor. In 2002, an offshoot of this youth group not yet known as boko haram declared the city and the islamic establishment to be intolerably corrupt and irredeemable. The conflict takes place within the context of longstanding issues of religious violence between nigerias muslim and. Boko harams religious and political worldview brookings institution. Confronting the terrorism of boko haram in nigeria forest confronting the terrorism of boko haram in nigeria james j. And where it is denied, life becomes meaningless and hopeless. Boko haram is an islamic sect that believes politics in northern nigeria has been. Soon after the kidnapping, reports surfaced that boko haram may have transferred many of the girls from nigeria to cameroon, chad and as far as central african republics birao region near sudan. The boko haram insurgency began in 2009, when the jihadist group boko haram started an armed rebellion against the government of nigeria. Pdf towards understanding the boko haram phenomenon in. The term boko haram comes from the hausa word boko meaning animist, western or otherwise nonislamic education and the arabic word haram figuratively meaning sin literally, forbidden. Boko haram believes in the idea of creating a new great caliphate with sharia laws.
Leadership analysis of boko haram and ansaru in nigeria. Visualization of common trends from 1990 through 20 showed that wasting is plausibly linked to the insurgency, thus justifying the use of a doubledifference methodology. Lawans mission was to call the governments attention to the economic hardship and poor living standards the. Boko haram translates from the local hausa language to mean western education is a sin. Meaning of boko haram is subtler than media portrayal. The history of boko haram boko haram s origins lie in a group of radical islamist youth who worshipped at the alhaji muhammadu ndimi mosque in maiduguri a decade ago. It turns out the hausa language doesnt have a fourletter word that means western education. A heavyhanded or solely military response will not bring peace and may be counterproductive. Boko haram appeared in the consciousness of most westerners for the first time in april of this year. Since 2009, boko haram has transformed itself from a cultlike religious. Nigerias boko haram group explained in 60 seconds bbc news. All contemporary states endeavour to ensure that human rights are. In this image made from video received by the associated press on monday, may 5, 2014, abubakar shekau, the leader of nigerias islamic extremist group boko haram, speaks in a. Forest jsou report 125 may 2012 joint special operations university 7701 tampa point boulevard macdill afb fl 33621.
The movement is unique in that it combines a sectarian, radical islamic agenda with violence. Emergence of boko haram, causes, impacts of boko haram 1. All this uncertainty cannot be taken to mean that a violent group made up of. It wants to wage a war against them, and the federal republic of nigeria generally, to create a pure. He states that boko haram and similar groups represent a retreat from the nigeria project, with the state increasingly unable to fulfill its part of the social contract. Although the ongoing terrorism of boko haram in northern nigeria has elicited numerous. The net effect is the death of thousands of civilians roth 2015. Boko haram insurgency in nigeria as a symptom of poverty and political alienation article pdf available january 2012 with 8,580 reads how we measure reads. In recommendation, government supposed to formulate a policy towards the solution. Boko haram definition and meaning collins english dictionary. What it has is a word that came to be applied to a centuryold.